After the Love Letters concert on Tuesday night of works and letters written by Felix and Fanny Mendelssohn I thought again about how the culture we live in determines the development and expression of our talents and skills.
Fanny Mendelssohn lived and worked in her younger brother’s shadow. Fanny was as talented and well-trained musically as Felix but as soon as she married she was expected to give up her music and composing. Her father wrote to Fanny when she was fifteen years old “perhaps for him (Felix) music will become a profession, while for you it will always be an ornament and can and should never become the ground bass of your being and doing.”
Fanny’s husband and brother privately supported her and Felix often asked her advice and seems to have published some of her music under his name. However echoing their father Felix refused to help her publish in her own name. He wrote that publishing her music “would only disturb her in” her “primary duties” of managing her home.
With her artist husband’s full support she established a musical salon in her family home and she composed most of her music for these weekly performances. However, her home duties, organising the salon and opposition to publishing by her brother gradually sapped her enthusiasm and strength for composing. It is only away from home on a trip through Italy with her husband and son that she is able to gather inspiration and energy write a longer work.
Away from the strictures of Berlin society she interacted with composers, musicians and other artists in Rome who appreciated her as a pianist and composer and examined her talent and self from the outside. She comments in her diary “that it is so difficult to lift oneself up from one’s time, one’s family, one’s own self” but nourished by the new milieu writes a sustained work, Das Jahr, a kind of musical diary of her year away, and sketch many other works.
Home again, and with her husband’s support, Fanny decides to publish and only after writes to Felix:
"I'm beginning to publish...and if I've done it of my own free will and cannot blame anyone in my family if aggravation results from it...then I can console myself with the knowledge that in no way did I seek or induce the kind of musical reputation that might have brought me such offers. I hope I shall not disgrace you all, for I am no femme libre...If it [my publication] succeeds, that is, if people like the pieces and I receive further offers, I know it will be a great stimulus to me, which I have always needed in order to create. If not, I shall be at the same point where I have always been."
I can only imagine the strength of will Fanny summoned to publish and afterward write to her brother. All her upbringing had engrained a sense of restraint and feminine submission to father and brother into her. The temporary standing outside of societal and familial strictures and expectations allowed her to see them as constructed for a certain time and place and to gain the courage to flout them to her own ends.
After her death Felix composed a tormented string quartet, reproaching himself musically for not supporting publication of her work. Tuesday evening finished with an arrangement of this Quartet no. 6 in F minor arranged for a string orchestra. He clearly came to believe that life is too short to waste talent such as hers – his anger with himself and regret for his censoring of her musicality were clearly apparent in the work.